3 thoughts on “How many official uniforms of a Qing official?”
Donnie
During the Qing Dynasty, officials' clothing had strict regulations, and the size of the official position was not allowed to distinguish the size of the official position according to the quality, quantity, and colors. There are roughly the following five types of clothing: first, top, two, python robe, three, supplement, four, belt, five, bedding. Here we wear the top, python robe, and supplement list of all products as follows: top wearing python robe supplement one product nine python five -claws (Kirin) Xianhe Erpin Flower Nine Pythrane Five Claws (Lion) Blue Together and Blue Chicken and Blue Chuki Glass nine python five claws (leopard) peacock four -grade green stone and blue nirvana eight python five claws (tiger) snow geese five grades crystal and white bright glass eight python five claws (bear) white 鹇 鹇 砗磲 and white nirvana glass glass Eight pythons and five claws (Biao) 鸬鹚 鸬鹚 八 素 八 八 八 八 八 八 (rhino) Purple 鸳 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 四 (rhino) quail nine graded golden top five python four claws (hippocampus) Lian Que's unable to flow, the golden top five pythons, four paws (獬豸) Huang Yan (Royal History, according to the clothing patterns such as the history, the history of the law, and the history of the law as 獬豸) Governor of the Ming Dynasty and the governor of the Ming Dynasty called the "Supervisor", which is a temporary official position. Note: 1. (Civilian: refers to civil servants in Beijing. Civil servants outside the city: refers to the civil servants outside the capital, that is, local civilians.京城外的武官，即地方武官。未入流：一般不算在九品十八级中。） rn 2、清代补服、补子--清朝补服，也叫“补褂”， In order to have no collars and plackets, the length is shorter than the robe, which is longer than the gown. There is a supplement in front and back. It is the main official uniform of the Qing Dynasty, and there are more places and time wearing. All supplements are stone blue. It is the main sign of distinguishing the official position of the civil and military officials. The Qing officials are divided into nine grades and eighteen levels. Civil official embroidered birds, martial arts embroidered beasts (so there are idioms and beasts) Civilized clothing logo: Nine grades and eighteen levels. The most obvious sign of the grade level is that it is reflected in the supplementary pattern on the chest, making people clear at a glance. The civilian crane supplement The master, Tai Fu, Tai Bao, Master Guanglu, the stills of the ministries, the capital of the capital, the capital of the capital, the university of Diange University Make up. The two -grade civilian Jinji supplement Ilades, young teachers, young Fu, Shaobao, government doctor, governor of provincial governors, governor, administrative envoy, bachelor of Hanlin Academy, ministries, left and right ministers, internal affairs government The general manager and other wearing Erpin Jinji supplemented. three -grade civilian peacock supplement This doctors, left and right vice capital Yushi, Zongren's house, Tongzheng envoy, salt transportation envoy, Dali Temple Qing, Shuntianfu Yin, Fengtianfu Yin, Wu Bei The courtyard, Shangyi Yuanqing, and the inspection ambassador, all worked as a three -grade civilian officer. four -person civilian officer 鸯 鸯 This doctor, the deputy envoy of the Political Affairs Embassy, Dali Temple Shaoqing, Hongyu Temple Qing, Shuntian Mansion, Ling Dukang Official Defense Officer, Mansion Zhifu, The scholars of the Hanlin Academy, Shang Chazheng, and Shangshuangzheng, the administrative envoys participated in the administration, the provincial patrols, and the capital of the capital of the capital and the royal history of the capital. Wupin civilian Bai Yan supplement The Sentence of Political Affairs Division, Guanglu Temple Shaoqing, Sixth Sciences, Mid -Dao Mirassors, Cabinet Servation Vice history, Zhizhou, and other states wearing Wupin Baiyu supplemented. Lin Six Pin Corporations Lugu The ministries, court judgments, capitals, temples, deputy pilots of the internal affairs government, martial arts hospital Kukang, Tai Hospital's judgment, Wangfu manager, Jingfu government Tong Judging, Jingxuan Xuan Xuan, and Bingma Division, etc. Qipin supplement The statement of various states, the review of the Hanlin Academy, the Chinese book of the Chinese book, the editor of the Hanlin Academy, the affairs of the administration of the government, the doctor of the emperor, the doctor of the Taichai Temple, , Internal Affairs House Treasury, Qipin Pen Style of various departments, and counties of counties and counties all wear Qipin supplement. This Civilian quail supplement military official apparel signs: Themine hospitals of Tai Hospital, the internal affairs of the house, the suspension of each state, the Confucianism of the state Quail supplement. Jiupin civilian Lan Quezu service The tribute to the Jiupin posts, the affairs of each government, the dangers of each government, the prison of the criminal ministry, etc. INE martial arts Kirin supplement The General Jianwei, Minister of the Lobby, Minister of Guardian Guard, Eight Banners, and the provincial guards, and the Governor of the province all wore a unicorn to supplement. The two -grade martial arts lion supplement General Wu Xian, left and right striker, Eight Banner Expansion Leaders, Jiumen Titan, Eight Banner Deputy Du, Deputy Capital of the provinces, chief soldiers, and privilege ministers Wear Erpin Lion. three -grade martial arts leopard supplement 1 first guards, Yuanmingyuan battalion generals, expanded army participation, Xiaoqi participation, mausoleum chief, siege manager, participant, first -class expansion, , Guerrillas, etc. are all wearing three -panther supplement. The four -grade martial arts tiger supplement It -primary guards, Zuo Ling, Nanyuan Chief Management, Palace Chief Eunuch, Du Di, and Candidate Gold all wear four -product tiger supplement. Wupin martial arts Xiongyu supplement Liupin martial arts Biao Fu service three -primary guards, follow -up captains, customs guards, defensive, defensive houses, all wearing Wupin Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi罴 dress. An Lan Yan Guard, pro -military academy, Xiaoqi School, Men Qian, Camp Qian, General Wealth, and Fang Military Academy all dressed in Liupin Biao. Seven, eight, martial arts rhinos, rhinos The city gates, nomads, generals, martial arts riders, Captain Fenwu school, and commissioned military schools all wear Qipin rhinos. Jiupin martial arts hippocampus supplement Xiuwu school captain, Lan Yanchang of various battalions, foreign committees to wear Jiupin Hippocampus to supplement the general and extra total, extra total, extra total, extra exterior, etc. Generally speaking, civil servants are poultry and military officers are beasts. The officials in the Qing Dynasty wearing Hua Yan The Qing Dynasty changed the crown system and used a cressker. There are two types of hats, one is a warm hat, a round shape, with a circle of eaves. It is made of skin, watt and satin, and cloth. Cheng, red, blue, white, gold. According to the etiquette, the first grade is ruby, the second grade is coral, the three grades are sapphire, the four products are greenite, the five products use crystal stones, the six products are used, and the seven items are vegetarian. Jiupin is a yang pattern. Those who have no official products without officials; the second is a cold hat, no eaves, a horn style, flat and large in the early stage, small and tall in the later stage, wrapped in vines and mats, most of them are white, and there are lakes and yellow. Red cricket top beads. In the eighth year of Yongzheng (AD 1730), the official crown system was set to replace gems with the same color glass. After Qianlong, the top beads of these crown tops basically use transparent or opaque glass, which are called bright tops and nirvana. For example, the first grade is a bright red top, the second grade is Nirvana, the three grades are bright blue tops, the four grades are Nirvana Blue top, the five grades are bright white tops, and the six grades are Nirvana. As for Qipin's plain gold top, it is also replaced by brass. Under the top beads, there is a two -inch long tube, which is made of jade, green or enamel, and flower porcelain to insert the branches. There are blue crickets and flowers. Blue 制 is made of 鹖, blue, feathers long and eye -catching, lower than the grade of flower crickets. Hua Yan is a peacock with "faint". "Eyes" commonly known as "Eyes". At the end of the cricket, there are monocular, double eyes, and three eyes. The official hat can be divided into the crowns and the auspicious service: Championship, as the name suggests, wearing it on the top of the dynasty, the top is divided into three layers, the top is a pointed gem The base is different from the number of pearls (Dongzhu) described. The prince crown top decoration has 10 Dongzhu, the prince's Shizi crown is decorated with 9 Dongzhu, the county king's crown decoration has 8 Dongzhu, the Baylor crown top decoration is decorated with 7 Dongzhu. In the six Dongzhu, there are 5 Dongzhu in the town's public crown top. The auxiliary Guogong is not included in the eight -point and the top of the Min Gong crown. The church's crown is decorated with 3 Dongzhu, the Earl's crown top is decorated with 2 Dongzhu, and the official crown is decorated with 1 Dongzhu. Below one product cannot be set with winter beads and changed to other small gems. I Jiweiguan is the official hat worn when wearing auspicious service. It is also a hat worn by officials. The metal base is two parts, the base is gold, and there are copper, and the carved pattern is carved on it. There are many colors and materials of the top beads, reflecting the grade of different officials. The highest place of the hat is equipped with top beads. The top bead of the hat is an important sign of the official level: official uniforms one product to the top of the crown n The officials are all rubies, which are beautiful and transparent gem -grade Granda. With its crystal clear and beautiful colors, the mysterious supernatural colors of ancient people are considered auspicious things. There are not many worldwide places in the world, mainly in Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Australia, China, etc., but as far as the quality of gemstones is concerned, the quality of Myanmar and Sri Lanka is the best quality. The two -grade Jijian Crown Coral Top The two -grade top wearing two -grade official corals are one of the important organic gems. The color of corals is often white, but gem -grade corals , Pink, orange -red, can be used as an official hat, second only to ruby. The relationship between corals and Buddhism is closely related. Buddhists in India and Tibetan China regard red corals are the incarnation of Rulai Buddha. They use corals as mascots of Buddha sacrifice, mostly for Buddha beads, or decorative statues. They are very cherished jewelry. Gem variety. three grades of jewels with blue gemstone top Sanpin Jifu crown three -grade crown Wear The sapphires of the three -grade official are colorful and transparent gem -grade Jade. In fact, the gem -grade gangsters in nature are called red, and the remaining colors such as blue, light blue, green, yellow, gray, colorless, etc. are all called sapphires. The quality of Myanmar and Sri Lanka is the best quality. Nirvana four -grade top wearing four -grade auspicious clothing (warm hat) fourpin officials with greenite, which is one of the ancient jade. It has won the love of the people of all Eastern countries with its bright blue. Occascular, glass to grease luster. Its hardness is 5.5, and the proportion is 2.7-2.9. Lushimite has unique blue, dark blue, light blue, and light blue. Lvkin stone is a traditional jade material imported from my country since ancient times, and most of them are from Afghanistan. So far, no place of origin of the green quartz clock in my country has been found in China. Wupin Jifing Crown Wanyi Jifing Crown Crystal top wearing Wupin Crystal Official Hat Top Pearl Five Pin Official Crystal, which is one of more than 3,000 ore in nature. The species, the chemical component is silicon, transparent in the crystal, and is often hexagonal. Since ancient times, it has been loved by human beings, and countries around the world have been included in the ranks of gems. Hardness is 7, which is equivalent to hard steel, which makes gems such as crispy and fragile yellow jade, diamonds, Opal Stone, and emerald. Many countries in the world have crystals, such as: Brazil, Uruguay, the United States, South Africa, Zambia, Russia, China, Vietnam, Pakistan, etc. Among them, Brazil Crystal is the most famous. Liupin Jifu Crown Liupin Jifing Crown (warm hat) Liupin Chao Crown (White Nirvana Glass instead of 砗 磲) Remarks: According to archeological data, China, China, China, China The ancient glass manufacturing technology began in the Western Zhou Dynasty. After more than 2,000 years, it has developed to its peak until the Qing Dynasty, becoming a heyday in the history of ancient glass. More than 4,000 ancient glassware in the Palace Museum. From the era of collections, the Warring States Period to the Ming and Qing Dynasties was almost uninterrupted. Most of the collections are handed down products, especially in the Qing Dynasty glass products, the largest proportion, accounting for about 90℅ of the entire collection. In increasing statistics, the Kangxi dynasty already had monochrome glass, enamel glass, sleeve glass, carved glass, and sprinkled gold glass. On the basis of this, the Yongzheng Dynasty added gold -drawn glass. Like glass is a glassware made with a single color glass. The monochrome glass of the Kangxi Dynasty was inherited and developed by the glass production process before the Qing Dynasty. In this period, only the Palace Museum of Beijing has treasured a transparent glass water 丞. The most produced varieties with the largest number of Yongzheng dynasty were monochrome glass, which was the mainstream product at that time. Monochrome glass is divided into "Nirvana" and "bright glass". "Nirvana" refers to opaque glass and "bright glass" refers to transparent glass. It wearing Liupin Ding wearing Liupin Ding wearing Six -grade officials, also called car canals, are a large type of seafood double shell distributed in the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific Ocean. kind. There are only 6 kinds of reports in the world, all of which live in the coral reef environment in tropical waters. my country's Hainan, the Xisha Islands and other South China Islands are also distributed.物 is the whitening material in the world (the hardness of the diamond is 10, and the whiteness of 砗磲 is 10). It is a rare organic gem and a Buddhist relic.中 is the largest in the ocean shell, with a diameter of 2m.汉 A scholar began in the Han Dynasty. Because of the surface of the shell, there was a radioactive groove, which was like an ancient car, so it was called a channel. Later generations added stone characters next to the channel because of their hardness.珊, pearls, corals, and amber are known as the four major organic gems in the West. They are also respected as one of the seven treasures in Chinese Buddhism and gold, silver, glazed, agate, corals, and pearls in Chinese Buddhism. Qipin Jijian Crown The full -pair of top seven grades top wearing r seven, eight, and nine products are golden tops, the difference is that Qipin officials use vegetarian vegetarian Golden Ding, eight and nine grades, all use cutting flower vegetarian Golden Ding. Eight products and nine grades, no picture. In this can be seen: The first and second -grade tops tend to be red, and the three and four grades tend to be blue. Jiupin tends to be golden. Hua r This hats in the Qing Dynasty, there are tubes under the top beads, and the quality is white jade or emerald, which is used to insert the branches. There are two types of Qingya branches: blue and flower crickets. Lan Yan was made by the feathers, and the flowers were made by the peacock feathers. Hua Yan in the Qing Dynasty was a sign of the prestige and Zhaodin rank of the Qing Dynasty. Non -general officials could wear it; its role was Zhaoming level and rewarding military merit. If you do n’t wear it at will, if you have violations, you will participate in the office. Generally, officials who have surrendered or retention of their duties can still be worn according to their original grade level, and they are punished for a serious punishment. Hua Yan gave a glance, two eyes, three eyes, and three eyes were the most noble; the so -called "eye" refers to the eye circle on the peacock, and a circle was made. The blue cricket is the same as the crown as the nature of the flower, which is also known as "dyeing blue". Give a guard official below Liupin, and the guards who are poor in the palace and the palace, can also reward the low -level officers with military merits. The bird's life is so brave, so that the samurai crowns can be inserted, which can show the heroine of the samurai, and it is also appropriate. In the early Qing Dynasty, the royal member Zhong Jue was lower than the Prince, the county king, Baylor's Beizi and Gu Lun (the husband of the princess born of the queen), and was eligible to enjoy the three dazzling crickets; Town Gonggong or Fu Guogong's relatives and nobles (that is, the husband of the princess born of concubine), who are eligible to enjoy the two -seeking cricket; (The person who serves as these positions must be from the three flags of the Manchuria inlaid yellow flag, Zheng Huangqi, and Zhengbaiqi). He is eligible to enjoy a single -eyed flower cricket. From this we can see that Huayu is a unique crown of the princes and nobles in the Qing Dynasty, and even if it is inside the Zong Fan, Huayan must not be abused by scores; Two exams can be worn after passing. The beads This beads are beads worn on the dynasty clothes of the Qing Dynasty. The shape is like a rosary hanging on the chest of a monk. The courtiers, who are more than four grades and military officers, and their wives' rooms or their children and military planes, guards, rituals, Guozijian, Dashang Temple, Guanglu Temple, Hongye Temple and other officials who are dressed in the dynasty. use. It is one of the signs of showing identity and status, and civilians do not admire hanging at any time. This beads are usually composed of the body, Buddha's head, back cloud, commemorative, big fall, and falling horns, which are derived from the "rosary" of Buddhism. The number of pearls of each beads strictly stipulates 108, and it is said that Buddhism uses 108 as a symbol of Buddha. The beads are sandwiched every 27 beads into a "Buddha head" to make it a strong and sharp contrast with the beads in color. There are 4 "Buddha heads", with the same color and size. The diameter is about twice as large as the beads. The 108 beads are also called "divide beads". It is said to mean the four seasons. On the head of the Buddha at the top of the pearl, a tower -shaped "Buddha Tower" is connected. The perforation method is the inverted "T" shape, that is, the two ends of Chaozhu are penetrated from one of the holes on the pair of holes, and then all from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pores of the pair, then all from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, then all from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pores of the pair, all from the end of the pore Put out of the middle and upper holes, and the second is one. At the top of the vulgar tower, there is a big gem pendant with a wide ribbon tie, and there is a gemstone hanging on the upper end of the big pendant, which is called "back cloud". There are three small bead skewers on both sides of the gourd -like Buddha head tower. Each strings are 10 grains. The ends of the beads are small with silver silk enamel wrapped in gemstones, which are called "commemorative". Materials and colors: The pearls of the Qing Dynasty were mostly used in Dongzhu (Pearl), Emerald, Agate, Amber, Coral, ivory, Crystal, Crystal, Agarwood, Greenstone, Greenstone, Gem, Tourmaline, Gannan Xiang, peach core, hibiscus stone and other treasures are made of treasures in the world. They are decorated with bright yellow, golden and stone cyan, and hang on their chests. The material of Chaozhu is rare and noble, and generally appears in the form of photoplastin, and intentionally show its material to show its extraordinary temperament. The puppets of Chaozhu in the Qing Dynasty were woven with silk threads, and the color level was clear: bright yellow pupa could only be used by emperor, queen, and queen queen; all green and golden pins were used by the princes; blue. Couns to wear the beads: When the Queen of the Qing Dynasty was wearing a dynasty, she had to hang three plates of Chaozhu, hanging the beads of the east beads in the middle, and coral beads on both sides. When the emperor, the concubine, the concubine, the concubine, etc., wearing a plate of beeswax or amber beads in the middle, two plates of red coral beads hanging on the left and right crossbody shoulders; Wearing a plate of coral beads in the middle of the court, and the other two plates are beeswax or amber beads; Mrs. Mrs. Min and Wubin Women wear the three plates of Chaozhu hanging when they wear dictators. Use amber and corals as freely without strict customization. The difference between women and men's beads: The beads hanging by women are slightly different from those admired by men. The difference mainly depends on the "commemorative" on Chaozhu. The two are on the left as a male, and the two are on the right as a female. The two cannot be reversed. In addition, there are some regulations: such as the woman wearing auspicious clothes to participate in the ancient rituals such as Qiyu and the first silkworm, and only need to hang a plate of beads; Chaozhu, at the same time, must also wear Chao clothes. The specific pearl of the three plates is a plate on the front of the neck, and the other two plates from the shoulders to the ribs to the chest. As for the man, only a plate of beads are hung on any occasion. The official position: The size and quality of Chaozhu also represents the level of the official position. When the official saw the emperor, he had to kneel on the ground. The larger the diameter of Chaozhu, the longer the beads, and the longer the scatter of the wearing person's head, which can be reduced. This can be said to be the emperor's different gifts for different official positions. In the provisions of Chaozhu: According to the provisions of the Qing Dynasty, from the emperor, the concubine to the civil servant five grades, and the military officials of the military officer, it can be equipped with Chaozhu. Although Chaozhu is a decoration, ordinary officials and the people cannot cannot Take it randomly. There are also strict distinction and hierarchical regulations on what kind of texture of the texture of wearing. From the quality of the quality of the beads wearing the beads on the chest, we can see the level of officials. The two products facing the top of the crown
One product -red coral top wearing (pure red), nine python five -claw python robes, civil servants supplemented the cranes, military officers supplemented Kirin. Take the green sedan by eight people. ,,,.
The two products -red -ranging flower coral top wearing (mixed red), nine python five -claw python robe, civilian supplemented by brocade chickens. Military officer supplemented the lion. Take the green sedan by eight people.
three grades -sapphire and blue bright glass top (bright blue), nine python five -claw python robe, civilian supplement peacock. Military officials supplemented the leopard and were allowed to lift the green sedan by eight people.
Four grades -lapisite and blue nirvana glass top (dark blue), eight python five -claw python robes, civilian supplemented by snow bird. Military officials made up tigers and took the blue sedan for four people.
five grades -crystal and white bright glass top (white), eight python five -claw python robe, civilian supplemented white pupa. The military officer made up the bear, and the four -person carried the blue sedan.
Six grades -砗磲 and white nirvana glass top (white), eight python five -claw python robes, civilians supplemented with heron. Military officials supplemented Biao, and they were allowed to lift the blue sedan.
Seven grades -Su Jinding wearing (white), five python four -claw python robe, civilian supplements, military officers supplemented rhinos.
Eight grades -Golden Ding wearing (white), five pythons four -claw python robes, civilian supplementing the bird. Military officials supplemented rhino
Jiupin -Golden top wearing (white), five pythons four -claw python robe, civilian supplementary training. Military officer supplemented the hippocampus
did not enter the flow -the carved golden top wearing (white), the king python four -claw python robe, and Huang Yan supplemented.
The monitoring of monitoring, according to the inspection and envoy, and the top wearing and python robes of judicial officials are based on the normal grade, but the graphics of the supplement are embroidered to show the justice of judicialness. The cultural and military officials in our country are wearing supplements. They are decorated with silk sieves embroidered with birds or beasts in the front chest and back of the clothing. Because of the technique of silk embroidery, the technique of dyeing has become an art treasure.
The method of distinguishing the level of officials with beast patterns to distinguish between officials from officials from the Tang Dynasty Queen Wu Zetian. Before that, the official uniforms were mostly used by the printed seal system and color system, which was distinguished by the number of pendants and the color of the clothing. Wu Zetian gave civil and military officials with embroidered robes decorated with animal patterns as a difference in grade official position. This creativity has changed the image of the service level, so that people will know at a glance.
The early in the early days, only the military officers were supplemented by the supplementary system, and the tonic can be woven on the jacket, short gown, leather gown, and horse gown. In the nine years of Shunzhi, the production of Bufu has changed, and it almost inherited the customization of the Ming Dynasty. Only individual patterns have been deleted. Officials at all levels make up for stone cyan, and the styles are the same. They are round necks, plackets, flat sleeves over elbows, and long knees. The difference is only the different shapes and patterns of the supplement.
It's tonic in the Qing Dynasty hit the Ming Dynasty, but there was also development and change. The main difference between the two was first in the type system. In the Ming Dynasty, Buzi was applied to the robe, and the Qing Dynasty Buzi was used for gowns. The Ming service is a group -collar shirt, and the front chest tonic is a complete piece. Qingfu is a placket gown. The tonic of the Ming Dynasty was not only woven to the supplement, and some were directly woven and embroidered in the supplementary service. The tonic of the Ming Dynasty was about 40 centimeters, and the buddy of the Qing Dynasty was slightly smaller, about 30 cm of squares; then there were many buns in the Ming Dynasty with red and other plain colors, the golden thread embroidered, and the buns in the Qing Dynasty were based on the Qing Dynasty. Green, black, dark red and other dark colors, colorful weaving embroidery, colorful. Most of the Ming Dynasty Buzi was mostly light edges. In the Qing Dynasty, Budoko was processed finely, mostly lace and decorative effects. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a pair of birds below the four grades of the Ming Dynasty.
The tonic in the Ming Dynasty was only decorated with the front chest and back. The round tonic of the clan of the Qing Dynasty not only decorated the chest, but also on both shoulders.
The supplements embroidered on the official uniforms of the Qing Dynasty are a logo to identify the level of officials. It is just the difference between the complexity and color of the embroidery. Budoko exists with the official position, and is limited by the court, it cannot be produced in large quantities. Therefore, it has extremely high process value and historical value. Today, it has become a precious cultural relic collection.
Thenu patterns embroidered embroidered by officials are different. They are mainly used by civilians to use birds and poultry. Military officials use the beast pattern to show the mighty momentum of the military officer. The official of the official Yuan Bao as the imperial daughter can also be with her husband and her husband.
Thenzi division and square supplement. The circle is used for the emperor's relatives above the shell, and the top is the five -claw gold dragon pattern, which is decorated with the left and right shoulders, the front chest and the back. Fang Bu is used for officials such as civilians and generals.
The complement patterns of the civilian embroidery are: one grade is a fairy crane, the two grades are brothers, the three grains are peacocks, the four grades are cloud geese, the five grades are white 鹇, the six mouths of the rivers are heron, and the seven grades are for the seven grades. (氵 chicken) ( beam bird), eight grades are quail, nine products are trainers.
Mainer patterns with embroidery are: one grade is Kirin, the second grade is embroidered lion, the three -grade embroidery leopard, the four -grade embroidery tiger, the five grades embroidered bears, the sixth grade embroidery, the seven grades embroidery Rhino, the same is the same as the seven grades, is also embroidered rhino, and Jiu Pin embroidered hippocampus.
The supplementary system in the Qing Dynasty was strict, and no one had to pass. Nian Yaoyao's son was wearing a four -group dragon to take one item. When he convicted Nian Yiyao, he had this item: "If you are not a person, you must not be convinced." n n n n n n R n At that time, some officials were also looking for embroidery workers because of their low positions. The processing factory Qing court three orders from the three orders to prohibit privately made a high -ranking supplement than their own official positions, but there were still fraud in order to benefit. The institutions that make these supplements are the weaving gates of the Royal Woven Saton. The Royal Weaving Yamen gathered the capable craftsmen in the world. They used various embroidery silk color materials to use and inherit the superb weaving and embroidery techniques to weave and embroidery the traditional costumes that are well -known in the world. These supplements have now become precious cultural relics and art treasures.
The Qing Dynasty, established by the Northeast Pass, was the last feudal autocratic dynasty in Chinese history. The official uniforms of the Qing Dynasty highlighted the national characteristics of the Manchu, and completely changed the appearance of the Han national uniforms that lasted for thousands of years. These uniform Manchu characteristics are highlighted on crown hats, horseshoe sleeves, robes and trousers.
The official hat of officials in the Qing Dynasty is very special, that is, people who are familiar with the big dome dragging the feathers. It is divided into two types: one is in February of August, called warm hat, and the other is worn from March to August, called cold hat. The warm hat is round, the middle is round, and there is a wide folding eaves around it. It is made of black, velvet or satin. The brim is made of precious leather materials such as mink, sea dragon leather, and fox fur. The top of the hat has a red hat weft and a top bead in the center. The production of gems, corals, gold, silver, etc. is an important symbol of distinguishing official products. The cold hat is a hood of a cone. The outer cover is placed with a red hat, and the top beads are added. The emperor's hat is the most luxurious, with 3 layers of hat, with golden dragons embedded on it. The top of the crown is made of gold wire, with 4 golden dragons on the top. Each dragon capital is turtle. A large pearl is embedded in the center of the crown top, and there are pearls around the surroundings. Horseshoe sleeves, the real name "arrow sleeve", is the protective clothing that blocks the hands when the archery of the samurai. It looks like a horseshoe. It is packed on the cuffs that are often worn by the Qing people, which can usually be turned up and put down the hand when they are saluting. It is the Manchu national costume that Qing people value.
The Manchu robe gown is the most important dress. It is obviously different from the Han robe. The upper body is tight and close, the sleeves are thinner, and the lower, left and right are slit. This is also a level restriction. The royal robe opened four slits, and the people's robe gowns may only open two slits back and forth. The robes are round neck, right. The emperor's dress robe is bright yellow and embroidered with dragon patterns. Officials and wives wore a robe with python patterns.
It wearing an outer gown outside the robe clothing is a major feature of Manchu clothing. The outer gown is shorter than the robe. Generally, the placket, round neck, and sleeves are relatively loose, and the cuffs are flat. The horse gown is a very short outer gown, which is not as long as the waist, and the sleeves are not elbow. Putting horse gowns is also often worn as dresses in the palace. The yellow horse gown is the most noble. There are also vests that are close to the horse gown, which is also a clothes style determined by riding shooting life. The vest has no sleeves. It is mainly worn to keep warm, and later became a coat. The pre -official service of the Qing Dynasty -Jiu Pin Cultural Military Officer
During the Qing Dynasty, officials' clothing had strict regulations, and the size of the official position was not allowed to distinguish the size of the official position according to the quality, quantity, and colors. There are roughly the following five types of clothing: first, top, two, python robe, three, supplement, four, belt, five, bedding.
During the Qing Dynasty, officials' clothing had strict regulations, and the size of the official position was not allowed to distinguish the size of the official position according to the quality, quantity, and colors. There are roughly the following five types of clothing: first, top, two, python robe, three, supplement, four, belt, five, bedding. Here we wear the top, python robe, and supplement list of all products as follows: top wearing python robe supplement one product nine python five -claws (Kirin) Xianhe Erpin Flower Nine Pythrane Five Claws (Lion) Blue Together and Blue Chicken and Blue Chuki Glass nine python five claws (leopard) peacock four -grade green stone and blue nirvana eight python five claws (tiger) snow geese five grades crystal and white bright glass eight python five claws (bear) white 鹇 鹇 砗磲 and white nirvana glass glass Eight pythons and five claws (Biao) 鸬鹚 鸬鹚 八 素 八 八 八 八 八 八 (rhino) Purple 鸳 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 四 (rhino) quail nine graded golden top five python four claws (hippocampus) Lian Que's unable to flow, the golden top five pythons, four paws (獬豸) Huang Yan (Royal History, according to the clothing patterns such as the history, the history of the law, and the history of the law as 獬豸) Governor of the Ming Dynasty and the governor of the Ming Dynasty called the "Supervisor", which is a temporary official position.
Note:
1. (Civilian: refers to civil servants in Beijing. Civil servants outside the city: refers to the civil servants outside the capital, that is, local civilians.京城外的武官，即地方武官。未入流：一般不算在九品十八级中。） rn 2、清代补服、补子--清朝补服，也叫“补褂”， In order to have no collars and plackets, the length is shorter than the robe, which is longer than the gown. There is a supplement in front and back. It is the main official uniform of the Qing Dynasty, and there are more places and time wearing. All supplements are stone blue. It is the main sign of distinguishing the official position of the civil and military officials. The Qing officials are divided into nine grades and eighteen levels. Civil official embroidered birds, martial arts embroidered beasts (so there are idioms and beasts)
Civilized clothing logo:
Nine grades and eighteen levels. The most obvious sign of the grade level is that it is reflected in the supplementary pattern on the chest, making people clear at a glance.
The civilian crane supplement
The master, Tai Fu, Tai Bao, Master Guanglu, the stills of the ministries, the capital of the capital, the capital of the capital, the university of Diange University
Make up.
The two -grade civilian Jinji supplement
Ilades, young teachers, young Fu, Shaobao, government doctor, governor of provincial governors, governor, administrative envoy, bachelor of Hanlin Academy, ministries, left and right ministers, internal affairs government The general manager and other wearing Erpin Jinji supplemented.
three -grade civilian peacock supplement
This doctors, left and right vice capital Yushi, Zongren's house, Tongzheng envoy, salt transportation envoy, Dali Temple Qing, Shuntianfu Yin, Fengtianfu Yin, Wu Bei The courtyard, Shangyi Yuanqing, and the inspection ambassador, all worked as a three -grade civilian officer.
four -person civilian officer 鸯 鸯
This doctor, the deputy envoy of the Political Affairs Embassy, Dali Temple Shaoqing, Hongyu Temple Qing, Shuntian Mansion, Ling Dukang Official Defense Officer, Mansion Zhifu, The scholars of the Hanlin Academy, Shang Chazheng, and Shangshuangzheng, the administrative envoys participated in the administration, the provincial patrols, and the capital of the capital of the capital and the royal history of the capital.
Wupin civilian Bai Yan supplement
The Sentence of Political Affairs Division, Guanglu Temple Shaoqing, Sixth Sciences, Mid -Dao Mirassors, Cabinet Servation Vice history, Zhizhou, and other states wearing Wupin Baiyu supplemented.
Lin Six Pin Corporations Lugu
The ministries, court judgments, capitals, temples, deputy pilots of the internal affairs government, martial arts hospital Kukang, Tai Hospital's judgment, Wangfu manager, Jingfu government Tong Judging, Jingxuan Xuan Xuan, and Bingma Division, etc.
Qipin supplement
The statement of various states, the review of the Hanlin Academy, the Chinese book of the Chinese book, the editor of the Hanlin Academy, the affairs of the administration of the government, the doctor of the emperor, the doctor of the Taichai Temple, , Internal Affairs House Treasury, Qipin Pen Style of various departments, and counties of counties and counties all wear Qipin supplement.
This Civilian quail supplement
military official apparel signs:
Themine hospitals of Tai Hospital, the internal affairs of the house, the suspension of each state, the Confucianism of the state Quail supplement.
Jiupin civilian Lan Quezu service
The tribute to the Jiupin posts, the affairs of each government, the dangers of each government, the prison of the criminal ministry, etc.
INE martial arts Kirin supplement
The General Jianwei, Minister of the Lobby, Minister of Guardian Guard, Eight Banners, and the provincial guards, and the Governor of the province all wore a unicorn to supplement.
The two -grade martial arts lion supplement
General Wu Xian, left and right striker, Eight Banner Expansion Leaders, Jiumen Titan, Eight Banner Deputy Du, Deputy Capital of the provinces, chief soldiers, and privilege ministers Wear Erpin Lion.
three -grade martial arts leopard supplement
1 first guards, Yuanmingyuan battalion generals, expanded army participation, Xiaoqi participation, mausoleum chief, siege manager, participant, first -class expansion,
, Guerrillas, etc. are all wearing three -panther supplement.
The four -grade martial arts tiger supplement
It -primary guards, Zuo Ling, Nanyuan Chief Management, Palace Chief Eunuch, Du Di, and Candidate Gold all wear four -product tiger supplement.
Wupin martial arts Xiongyu supplement
Liupin martial arts Biao Fu service
three -primary guards, follow -up captains, customs guards, defensive, defensive houses, all wearing Wupin Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi Qi罴 dress.
An Lan Yan Guard, pro -military academy, Xiaoqi School, Men Qian, Camp Qian, General Wealth, and Fang Military Academy all dressed in Liupin Biao.
Seven, eight, martial arts rhinos, rhinos
The city gates, nomads, generals, martial arts riders, Captain Fenwu school, and commissioned military schools all wear Qipin rhinos.
Jiupin martial arts hippocampus supplement
Xiuwu school captain, Lan Yanchang of various battalions, foreign committees to wear Jiupin Hippocampus to supplement the general and extra total, extra total, extra total, extra exterior, etc.
Generally speaking, civil servants are poultry and military officers are beasts.
The officials in the Qing Dynasty wearing Hua Yan
The Qing Dynasty changed the crown system and used a cressker. There are two types of hats, one is a warm hat, a round shape, with a circle of eaves. It is made of skin, watt and satin, and cloth. Cheng, red, blue, white, gold. According to the etiquette, the first grade is ruby, the second grade is coral, the three grades are sapphire, the four products are greenite, the five products use crystal stones, the six products are used, and the seven items are vegetarian. Jiupin is a yang pattern. Those who have no official products without officials; the second is a cold hat, no eaves, a horn style, flat and large in the early stage, small and tall in the later stage, wrapped in vines and mats, most of them are white, and there are lakes and yellow. Red cricket top beads. In the eighth year of Yongzheng (AD 1730), the official crown system was set to replace gems with the same color glass. After Qianlong, the top beads of these crown tops basically use transparent or opaque glass, which are called bright tops and nirvana. For example, the first grade is a bright red top, the second grade is Nirvana, the three grades are bright blue tops, the four grades are Nirvana Blue top, the five grades are bright white tops, and the six grades are Nirvana. As for Qipin's plain gold top, it is also replaced by brass. Under the top beads, there is a two -inch long tube, which is made of jade, green or enamel, and flower porcelain to insert the branches. There are blue crickets and flowers. Blue 制 is made of 鹖, blue, feathers long and eye -catching, lower than the grade of flower crickets. Hua Yan is a peacock with "faint". "Eyes" commonly known as "Eyes". At the end of the cricket, there are monocular, double eyes, and three eyes. The official hat can be divided into the crowns and the auspicious service:
Championship, as the name suggests, wearing it on the top of the dynasty, the top is divided into three layers, the top is a pointed gem The base is different from the number of pearls (Dongzhu) described. The prince crown top decoration has 10 Dongzhu, the prince's Shizi crown is decorated with 9 Dongzhu, the county king's crown decoration has 8 Dongzhu, the Baylor crown top decoration is decorated with 7 Dongzhu. In the six Dongzhu, there are 5 Dongzhu in the town's public crown top. The auxiliary Guogong is not included in the eight -point and the top of the Min Gong crown. The church's crown is decorated with 3 Dongzhu, the Earl's crown top is decorated with 2 Dongzhu, and the official crown is decorated with 1 Dongzhu. Below one product cannot be set with winter beads and changed to other small gems.
I Jiweiguan is the official hat worn when wearing auspicious service. It is also a hat worn by officials. The metal base is two parts, the base is gold, and there are copper, and the carved pattern is carved on it. There are many colors and materials of the top beads, reflecting the grade of different officials.
The highest place of the hat is equipped with top beads. The top bead of the hat is an important sign of the official level:
official uniforms
one product to the top of the crown n The officials are all rubies, which are beautiful and transparent gem -grade Granda. With its crystal clear and beautiful colors, the mysterious supernatural colors of ancient people are considered auspicious things. There are not many worldwide places in the world, mainly in Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Australia, China, etc., but as far as the quality of gemstones is concerned, the quality of Myanmar and Sri Lanka is the best quality.
The two -grade Jijian Crown Coral Top
The two -grade top wearing
two -grade official corals are one of the important organic gems. The color of corals is often white, but gem -grade corals , Pink, orange -red, can be used as an official hat, second only to ruby. The relationship between corals and Buddhism is closely related. Buddhists in India and Tibetan China regard red corals are the incarnation of Rulai Buddha. They use corals as mascots of Buddha sacrifice, mostly for Buddha beads, or decorative statues. They are very cherished jewelry. Gem variety.
three grades of jewels with blue gemstone top
Sanpin Jifu crown
three -grade crown
Wear
The sapphires of the three -grade official are colorful and transparent gem -grade Jade. In fact, the gem -grade gangsters in nature are called red, and the remaining colors such as blue, light blue, green, yellow, gray, colorless, etc. are all called sapphires. The quality of Myanmar and Sri Lanka is the best quality.
Nirvana four -grade top wearing
four -grade auspicious clothing (warm hat)
fourpin officials with greenite, which is one of the ancient jade. It has won the love of the people of all Eastern countries with its bright blue. Occascular, glass to grease luster. Its hardness is 5.5, and the proportion is 2.7-2.9. Lushimite has unique blue, dark blue, light blue, and light blue. Lvkin stone is a traditional jade material imported from my country since ancient times, and most of them are from Afghanistan. So far, no place of origin of the green quartz clock in my country has been found in China.
Wupin Jifing Crown
Wanyi Jifing Crown Crystal top wearing
Wupin Crystal Official Hat Top Pearl
Five Pin Official Crystal, which is one of more than 3,000 ore in nature. The species, the chemical component is silicon, transparent in the crystal, and is often hexagonal. Since ancient times, it has been loved by human beings, and countries around the world have been included in the ranks of gems. Hardness is 7, which is equivalent to hard steel, which makes gems such as crispy and fragile yellow jade, diamonds, Opal Stone, and emerald. Many countries in the world have crystals, such as: Brazil, Uruguay, the United States, South Africa, Zambia, Russia, China, Vietnam, Pakistan, etc. Among them, Brazil Crystal is the most famous.
Liupin Jifu Crown
Liupin Jifing Crown (warm hat)
Liupin Chao Crown (White Nirvana Glass instead of 砗 磲)
Remarks: According to archeological data, China, China, China, China The ancient glass manufacturing technology began in the Western Zhou Dynasty. After more than 2,000 years, it has developed to its peak until the Qing Dynasty, becoming a heyday in the history of ancient glass. More than 4,000 ancient glassware in the Palace Museum. From the era of collections, the Warring States Period to the Ming and Qing Dynasties was almost uninterrupted. Most of the collections are handed down products, especially in the Qing Dynasty glass products, the largest proportion, accounting for about 90℅ of the entire collection.
In increasing statistics, the Kangxi dynasty already had monochrome glass, enamel glass, sleeve glass, carved glass, and sprinkled gold glass. On the basis of this, the Yongzheng Dynasty added gold -drawn glass.
Like glass is a glassware made with a single color glass. The monochrome glass of the Kangxi Dynasty was inherited and developed by the glass production process before the Qing Dynasty. In this period, only the Palace Museum of Beijing has treasured a transparent glass water 丞. The most produced varieties with the largest number of Yongzheng dynasty were monochrome glass, which was the mainstream product at that time. Monochrome glass is divided into "Nirvana" and "bright glass". "Nirvana" refers to opaque glass and "bright glass" refers to transparent glass.
It wearing Liupin Ding wearing
Liupin Ding wearing
Six -grade officials, also called car canals, are a large type of seafood double shell distributed in the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific Ocean. kind. There are only 6 kinds of reports in the world, all of which live in the coral reef environment in tropical waters. my country's Hainan, the Xisha Islands and other South China Islands are also distributed.物 is the whitening material in the world (the hardness of the diamond is 10, and the whiteness of 砗磲 is 10). It is a rare organic gem and a Buddhist relic.中 is the largest in the ocean shell, with a diameter of 2m.汉 A scholar began in the Han Dynasty. Because of the surface of the shell, there was a radioactive groove, which was like an ancient car, so it was called a channel. Later generations added stone characters next to the channel because of their hardness.珊, pearls, corals, and amber are known as the four major organic gems in the West. They are also respected as one of the seven treasures in Chinese Buddhism and gold, silver, glazed, agate, corals, and pearls in Chinese Buddhism.
Qipin Jijian Crown
The full -pair of top seven grades top wearing
r
seven, eight, and nine products are golden tops, the difference is that Qipin officials use vegetarian vegetarian Golden Ding, eight and nine grades, all use cutting flower vegetarian Golden Ding.
Eight products and nine grades, no picture.
In this can be seen:
The first and second -grade tops tend to be red, and the three and four grades tend to be blue. Jiupin tends to be golden.
Hua r
This hats in the Qing Dynasty, there are tubes under the top beads, and the quality is white jade or emerald, which is used to insert the branches. There are two types of Qingya branches: blue and flower crickets. Lan Yan was made by the feathers, and the flowers were made by the peacock feathers. Hua Yan in the Qing Dynasty was a sign of the prestige and Zhaodin rank of the Qing Dynasty. Non -general officials could wear it; its role was Zhaoming level and rewarding military merit. If you do n’t wear it at will, if you have violations, you will participate in the office. Generally, officials who have surrendered or retention of their duties can still be worn according to their original grade level, and they are punished for a serious punishment. Hua Yan gave a glance, two eyes, three eyes, and three eyes were the most noble; the so -called "eye" refers to the eye circle on the peacock, and a circle was made. The blue cricket is the same as the crown as the nature of the flower, which is also known as "dyeing blue". Give a guard official below Liupin, and the guards who are poor in the palace and the palace, can also reward the low -level officers with military merits. The bird's life is so brave, so that the samurai crowns can be inserted, which can show the heroine of the samurai, and it is also appropriate. In the early Qing Dynasty, the royal member Zhong Jue was lower than the Prince, the county king, Baylor's Beizi and Gu Lun (the husband of the princess born of the queen), and was eligible to enjoy the three dazzling crickets; Town Gonggong or Fu Guogong's relatives and nobles (that is, the husband of the princess born of concubine), who are eligible to enjoy the two -seeking cricket; (The person who serves as these positions must be from the three flags of the Manchuria inlaid yellow flag, Zheng Huangqi, and Zhengbaiqi). He is eligible to enjoy a single -eyed flower cricket. From this we can see that Huayu is a unique crown of the princes and nobles in the Qing Dynasty, and even if it is inside the Zong Fan, Huayan must not be abused by scores; Two exams can be worn after passing.
The beads
This beads are beads worn on the dynasty clothes of the Qing Dynasty. The shape is like a rosary hanging on the chest of a monk. The courtiers, who are more than four grades and military officers, and their wives' rooms or their children and military planes, guards, rituals, Guozijian, Dashang Temple, Guanglu Temple, Hongye Temple and other officials who are dressed in the dynasty. use. It is one of the signs of showing identity and status, and civilians do not admire hanging at any time.
This beads are usually composed of the body, Buddha's head, back cloud, commemorative, big fall, and falling horns, which are derived from the "rosary" of Buddhism. The number of pearls of each beads strictly stipulates 108, and it is said that Buddhism uses 108 as a symbol of Buddha. The beads are sandwiched every 27 beads into a "Buddha head" to make it a strong and sharp contrast with the beads in color. There are 4 "Buddha heads", with the same color and size. The diameter is about twice as large as the beads. The 108 beads are also called "divide beads". It is said to mean the four seasons. On the head of the Buddha at the top of the pearl, a tower -shaped "Buddha Tower" is connected. The perforation method is the inverted "T" shape, that is, the two ends of Chaozhu are penetrated from one of the holes on the pair of holes, and then all from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pores of the pair, then all from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, then all from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pair of holes, and then from the ends of the pores of the pair, all from the end of the pore Put out of the middle and upper holes, and the second is one. At the top of the vulgar tower, there is a big gem pendant with a wide ribbon tie, and there is a gemstone hanging on the upper end of the big pendant, which is called "back cloud". There are three small bead skewers on both sides of the gourd -like Buddha head tower. Each strings are 10 grains. The ends of the beads are small with silver silk enamel wrapped in gemstones, which are called "commemorative".
Materials and colors: The pearls of the Qing Dynasty were mostly used in Dongzhu (Pearl), Emerald, Agate, Amber, Coral, ivory, Crystal, Crystal, Agarwood, Greenstone, Greenstone, Gem, Tourmaline, Gannan Xiang, peach core, hibiscus stone and other treasures are made of treasures in the world. They are decorated with bright yellow, golden and stone cyan, and hang on their chests. The material of Chaozhu is rare and noble, and generally appears in the form of photoplastin, and intentionally show its material to show its extraordinary temperament. The puppets of Chaozhu in the Qing Dynasty were woven with silk threads, and the color level was clear: bright yellow pupa could only be used by emperor, queen, and queen queen; all green and golden pins were used by the princes; blue.
Couns to wear the beads: When the Queen of the Qing Dynasty was wearing a dynasty, she had to hang three plates of Chaozhu, hanging the beads of the east beads in the middle, and coral beads on both sides. When the emperor, the concubine, the concubine, the concubine, etc., wearing a plate of beeswax or amber beads in the middle, two plates of red coral beads hanging on the left and right crossbody shoulders; Wearing a plate of coral beads in the middle of the court, and the other two plates are beeswax or amber beads; Mrs. Mrs. Min and Wubin Women wear the three plates of Chaozhu hanging when they wear dictators. Use amber and corals as freely without strict customization.
The difference between women and men's beads: The beads hanging by women are slightly different from those admired by men. The difference mainly depends on the "commemorative" on Chaozhu. The two are on the left as a male, and the two are on the right as a female. The two cannot be reversed. In addition, there are some regulations: such as the woman wearing auspicious clothes to participate in the ancient rituals such as Qiyu and the first silkworm, and only need to hang a plate of beads; Chaozhu, at the same time, must also wear Chao clothes. The specific pearl of the three plates is a plate on the front of the neck, and the other two plates from the shoulders to the ribs to the chest. As for the man, only a plate of beads are hung on any occasion.
The official position: The size and quality of Chaozhu also represents the level of the official position. When the official saw the emperor, he had to kneel on the ground. The larger the diameter of Chaozhu, the longer the beads, and the longer the scatter of the wearing person's head, which can be reduced. This can be said to be the emperor's different gifts for different official positions.
In the provisions of Chaozhu: According to the provisions of the Qing Dynasty, from the emperor, the concubine to the civil servant five grades, and the military officials of the military officer, it can be equipped with Chaozhu. Although Chaozhu is a decoration, ordinary officials and the people cannot cannot Take it randomly. There are also strict distinction and hierarchical regulations on what kind of texture of the texture of wearing. From the quality of the quality of the beads wearing the beads on the chest, we can see the level of officials.
The two products facing the top of the crown
One product -red coral top wearing (pure red), nine python five -claw python robes, civil servants supplemented the cranes, military officers supplemented Kirin. Take the green sedan by eight people. ,,,.
The two products -red -ranging flower coral top wearing (mixed red), nine python five -claw python robe, civilian supplemented by brocade chickens. Military officer supplemented the lion. Take the green sedan by eight people.
three grades -sapphire and blue bright glass top (bright blue), nine python five -claw python robe, civilian supplement peacock. Military officials supplemented the leopard and were allowed to lift the green sedan by eight people.
Four grades -lapisite and blue nirvana glass top (dark blue), eight python five -claw python robes, civilian supplemented by snow bird. Military officials made up tigers and took the blue sedan for four people.
five grades -crystal and white bright glass top (white), eight python five -claw python robe, civilian supplemented white pupa. The military officer made up the bear, and the four -person carried the blue sedan.
Six grades -砗磲 and white nirvana glass top (white), eight python five -claw python robes, civilians supplemented with heron. Military officials supplemented Biao, and they were allowed to lift the blue sedan.
Seven grades -Su Jinding wearing (white), five python four -claw python robe, civilian supplements, military officers supplemented rhinos.
Eight grades -Golden Ding wearing (white), five pythons four -claw python robes, civilian supplementing the bird. Military officials supplemented rhino
Jiupin -Golden top wearing (white), five pythons four -claw python robe, civilian supplementary training. Military officer supplemented the hippocampus
did not enter the flow -the carved golden top wearing (white), the king python four -claw python robe, and Huang Yan supplemented.
The monitoring of monitoring, according to the inspection and envoy, and the top wearing and python robes of judicial officials are based on the normal grade, but the graphics of the supplement are embroidered to show the justice of judicialness.
The cultural and military officials in our country are wearing supplements. They are decorated with silk sieves embroidered with birds or beasts in the front chest and back of the clothing. Because of the technique of silk embroidery, the technique of dyeing has become an art treasure.
The method of distinguishing the level of officials with beast patterns to distinguish between officials from officials from the Tang Dynasty Queen Wu Zetian. Before that, the official uniforms were mostly used by the printed seal system and color system, which was distinguished by the number of pendants and the color of the clothing. Wu Zetian gave civil and military officials with embroidered robes decorated with animal patterns as a difference in grade official position. This creativity has changed the image of the service level, so that people will know at a glance.
The early in the early days, only the military officers were supplemented by the supplementary system, and the tonic can be woven on the jacket, short gown, leather gown, and horse gown. In the nine years of Shunzhi, the production of Bufu has changed, and it almost inherited the customization of the Ming Dynasty. Only individual patterns have been deleted. Officials at all levels make up for stone cyan, and the styles are the same. They are round necks, plackets, flat sleeves over elbows, and long knees. The difference is only the different shapes and patterns of the supplement.
It's tonic in the Qing Dynasty hit the Ming Dynasty, but there was also development and change. The main difference between the two was first in the type system. In the Ming Dynasty, Buzi was applied to the robe, and the Qing Dynasty Buzi was used for gowns. The Ming service is a group -collar shirt, and the front chest tonic is a complete piece. Qingfu is a placket gown. The tonic of the Ming Dynasty was not only woven to the supplement, and some were directly woven and embroidered in the supplementary service. The tonic of the Ming Dynasty was about 40 centimeters, and the buddy of the Qing Dynasty was slightly smaller, about 30 cm of squares; then there were many buns in the Ming Dynasty with red and other plain colors, the golden thread embroidered, and the buns in the Qing Dynasty were based on the Qing Dynasty. Green, black, dark red and other dark colors, colorful weaving embroidery, colorful. Most of the Ming Dynasty Buzi was mostly light edges. In the Qing Dynasty, Budoko was processed finely, mostly lace and decorative effects. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a pair of birds below the four grades of the Ming Dynasty.
The tonic in the Ming Dynasty was only decorated with the front chest and back. The round tonic of the clan of the Qing Dynasty not only decorated the chest, but also on both shoulders.
The supplements embroidered on the official uniforms of the Qing Dynasty are a logo to identify the level of officials. It is just the difference between the complexity and color of the embroidery. Budoko exists with the official position, and is limited by the court, it cannot be produced in large quantities. Therefore, it has extremely high process value and historical value. Today, it has become a precious cultural relic collection.
Thenu patterns embroidered embroidered by officials are different. They are mainly used by civilians to use birds and poultry. Military officials use the beast pattern to show the mighty momentum of the military officer. The official of the official Yuan Bao as the imperial daughter can also be with her husband and her husband.
Thenzi division and square supplement. The circle is used for the emperor's relatives above the shell, and the top is the five -claw gold dragon pattern, which is decorated with the left and right shoulders, the front chest and the back. Fang Bu is used for officials such as civilians and generals.
The complement patterns of the civilian embroidery are: one grade is a fairy crane, the two grades are brothers, the three grains are peacocks, the four grades are cloud geese, the five grades are white 鹇, the six mouths of the rivers are heron, and the seven grades are for the seven grades. (氵 chicken) ( beam bird), eight grades are quail, nine products are trainers.
Mainer patterns with embroidery are: one grade is Kirin, the second grade is embroidered lion, the three -grade embroidery leopard, the four -grade embroidery tiger, the five grades embroidered bears, the sixth grade embroidery, the seven grades embroidery Rhino, the same is the same as the seven grades, is also embroidered rhino, and Jiu Pin embroidered hippocampus.
The supplementary system in the Qing Dynasty was strict, and no one had to pass. Nian Yaoyao's son was wearing a four -group dragon to take one item. When he convicted Nian Yiyao, he had this item: "If you are not a person, you must not be convinced."
n n n n n n R n At that time, some officials were also looking for embroidery workers because of their low positions. The processing factory Qing court three orders from the three orders to prohibit privately made a high -ranking supplement than their own official positions, but there were still fraud in order to benefit. The institutions that make these supplements are the weaving gates of the Royal Woven Saton. The Royal Weaving Yamen gathered the capable craftsmen in the world. They used various embroidery silk color materials to use and inherit the superb weaving and embroidery techniques to weave and embroidery the traditional costumes that are well -known in the world. These supplements have now become precious cultural relics and art treasures.
The Qing Dynasty, established by the Northeast Pass, was the last feudal autocratic dynasty in Chinese history. The official uniforms of the Qing Dynasty highlighted the national characteristics of the Manchu, and completely changed the appearance of the Han national uniforms that lasted for thousands of years. These uniform Manchu characteristics are highlighted on crown hats, horseshoe sleeves, robes and trousers.
The official hat of officials in the Qing Dynasty is very special, that is, people who are familiar with the big dome dragging the feathers. It is divided into two types: one is in February of August, called warm hat, and the other is worn from March to August, called cold hat. The warm hat is round, the middle is round, and there is a wide folding eaves around it. It is made of black, velvet or satin. The brim is made of precious leather materials such as mink, sea dragon leather, and fox fur. The top of the hat has a red hat weft and a top bead in the center. The production of gems, corals, gold, silver, etc. is an important symbol of distinguishing official products. The cold hat is a hood of a cone. The outer cover is placed with a red hat, and the top beads are added. The emperor's hat is the most luxurious, with 3 layers of hat, with golden dragons embedded on it. The top of the crown is made of gold wire, with 4 golden dragons on the top. Each dragon capital is turtle. A large pearl is embedded in the center of the crown top, and there are pearls around the surroundings. Horseshoe sleeves, the real name "arrow sleeve", is the protective clothing that blocks the hands when the archery of the samurai. It looks like a horseshoe. It is packed on the cuffs that are often worn by the Qing people, which can usually be turned up and put down the hand when they are saluting. It is the Manchu national costume that Qing people value.
The Manchu robe gown is the most important dress. It is obviously different from the Han robe. The upper body is tight and close, the sleeves are thinner, and the lower, left and right are slit. This is also a level restriction. The royal robe opened four slits, and the people's robe gowns may only open two slits back and forth. The robes are round neck, right. The emperor's dress robe is bright yellow and embroidered with dragon patterns. Officials and wives wore a robe with python patterns.
It wearing an outer gown outside the robe clothing is a major feature of Manchu clothing. The outer gown is shorter than the robe. Generally, the placket, round neck, and sleeves are relatively loose, and the cuffs are flat. The horse gown is a very short outer gown, which is not as long as the waist, and the sleeves are not elbow. Putting horse gowns is also often worn as dresses in the palace. The yellow horse gown is the most noble. There are also vests that are close to the horse gown, which is also a clothes style determined by riding shooting life. The vest has no sleeves. It is mainly worn to keep warm, and later became a coat.
The pre -official service of the Qing Dynasty -Jiu Pin Cultural Military Officer
During the Qing Dynasty, officials' clothing had strict regulations, and the size of the official position was not allowed to distinguish the size of the official position according to the quality, quantity, and colors. There are roughly the following five types of clothing: first, top, two, python robe, three, supplement, four, belt, five, bedding.