What is the material of the jewelry?

(1) Gold jewelry classification
1. "Pure Gold" jewelry
"Pure Gold" is usually divided into sufficient gold and thousands of gold. The color is red, soft, and shiny. But the absolute pure gold does not exist, as the saying goes, "gold has no redness." Based on the level of modern science and technology, the purity can be refined by 99.9999 % of reagent gold for standard chemical reagents. Due to the high production cost of reagent gold, it is of little significance to make jewelry with reagent gold in terms of use value. At present, there are three types of sufficient gold in the Chinese market: "Four Nine Gold", which is 99.99 % in color; "Three Nine Gold", which is 99.9 % in color, commonly known as thousands of gold; Commonly known as foot gold.
2. K gold jewelry
K gold is a alloy made from pure gold to increase hardness, transform color tone, and reduce melting points. Due to the different proportion of other metals, the nature, tone, hardness, ductility and melting point of K gold are different. The characteristics of K gold jewelry are that the amount of gold is small, the cost is low, and it can be prepared into various colors, and it is not easy to deform and wear, especially after inlaid gemstone is firm and beautiful, and it is also precious and beautiful. Therefore, many cities in my country are widely popular. The color of K gold jewelry is relatively rich. At present, the successful research is red K gold, orange K gold, yellow K gold, green K gold, blue K gold, cyan K gold, purple K gold, gray K gold, black K gold, black K gold, black K gold, black K gold, black K gold, black K gold, black K gold, black K gold, black K gold White K gold, white K gold is similar to that of platinum, especially plating a layer of 铑, which is elegant and generous. It can be false and true, but the price is much lower than platinum, so it is favored by many people. There are three main series of white K gold, namely: gold and 钯, gold and nickel, gold and silver, or their combination of alloy, can form white gold.
(2) Simulation gold jewelry
1. Gold -plated jewelry
is mostly made of silver or copper, and the surface plating layer is gold. The golden luster replaces the original color of the original material, thereby increasing the ornamental value of the jewelry. The gold -plated gold content must not be less than 14K, and its thickness is not less than 0.5 microns. Gold -plated jewelry is generally lighter, and the bending is harder. In addition, the thin layer of jewelry can be exposed on the sandpaper to expose the base color. After the fire is burned, the color becomes white and the black is copper.
2. Gilt gold jewelry
Gold is a kind of jewelry production method that appears in ancient times. It is to dissolve gold in mercury, and then evenly apply to the surface of the jewelry. After drying Use agate to roll the surface, that is, it becomes a gold product.
3. Bao gold jewelry
The packs of gold jewelry are made of silver, copper, lead, zinc, and other alloys, and then used mechanical or other methods to firmly wrap the gold foil on the surface of the metal product substrate Gild. The gold content of the gold must not be less than 14K, and its thickness is not less than 0.5 microns.
(3) Maintenance of gold jewelry
1. When wearing gold and silver jewelry, avoid contact with hard objects and pull hard. Due to the low hardness of gold and silver, contact with hard objects can be easily scratched or stretched, which will destroy the decoration of the jewelry.
2. Wear jewelry in a place with chemical pollution. At the same time, try to contact cosmetics such as perfume, head oil, flower dew water. Once you contact, you can easily corrode the surface of the jewelry and change color. In order to maintain the gloss of gold jewelry, you can often add a small amount Gently brush in the soft brush, rinse it with water, and then wipe and dry it with a soft cloth.
(4) The inspection of gold jewelry
1. The logo
The jewelry mark should contain the manufacturer code and the name and content of precious metal materials.
2. The appearance quality
is mainly the inspection of specific process quality such as the overall shape of the jewelry and the quality of processing.
3. Jewelry weight
The gold jewelry is calculated based on weight and processing costs. The weight of the jewelry is one of the important indicators. Essence
4. Gold content
The gold content in the jewelry is an important indicator of its quality. There are many types of gold content testing methods, which can be divided into chemical analysis methods and instrument analysis methods. Depending on whether the jewelry is damaged during the testing process, it can be divided into non -destructive detection method and damage testing method. The daily inspection of the jewelry quality supervision department is generally based on non -destructive testing method. Utilize large instrument analysis. Market supervision random inspections are mainly due to damage testing. The fire test method is currently the national testing method that measures the gold content in jewelry in my country.
(Five) Gold's physical properties
Gelish: red yellow, color is more than 95 %; positive yellow, with a color of about 80 %; blue and yellow, about 70 %; yellow with slightly gray, about 50 %, about 50 % Essence
Densive: 19.32g / cm3
Hardness: Mo's hardness 2.5, which is similar to human nails.

What is platinum, platinum, K platinum and crickets
in recent years, silver -white precious metals inlaid jewelry. In malls, the names of these precious metals are often at a loss.
In in Taiwan, these white metals are called in Platinum and K platinum (silver is not discussed here). In fact, this statement often causes misleading and confusion. We must explain according to the naming of the elements on the chemical cycle table to get a reasonable name.
. White Gold:
The so -called K platinum and platinum on the market. In fact, it is a alloy of gold, nickel, copper, and zinc. Or gold and silver, or alloy of gold, silver and copper. It also includes the alloy of gold and crickets often adopted by the Taiwanese masters. Its code WG (White Gold), which means white gold. In the early days, 226 (60 % of gold, 钯 20 %, and 20 % of copper) represents white gold containing 600/1000, which is commonly known as "material", which means silver white metal containing gold, instead of not gold without gold, not gold without gold, not gold without gold, not gold without gold, not gold without gold, not gold without gold. Nickel Alloy electroplating. Generally use abroad; WG585 (14K), WG750 (18K), or only the gold content with digital.
The white gold has good reflexity and is not easy to lose its luster. Before the use of platinum and 钯 in the future, white gold is mainly used to inlay silver white metal inlaid with gem jewelry.
. Platinum:
, also known as pure platinum, positive platinum or real platinum. But these titles are unreasonable and easily confused with white gold. Its symbol is PT, silver gray-white, a gravity of 21.35, a melting point of 1700 ° C, and a Mohs hardness of 4-4.5 degrees. Chemical is refreshing.
The pure platinum is relatively soft, and adding metals such as 铑 and 钯 will increase its hardness. South America's Indian people made platinum jewelry as early as the 15th century, and Europeans began to adopt until the middle of the 19th century. At present, Japan is the largest consumer of platinum.
. Platinum alloy:
The alloy made of platinum mixed with other metals, such as 钯, 铑, 钇, cobalt, copper, etc. Although platinum hardness is higher than that of gold, it is still not enough to use inlaid. It must be used to make jewelry with other metal alloys.
This use of platinum, cricket alloy and platinum, and crickets are used. Platinum and cobalt alloys are used in Europe and Hong Kong. Platinum (85%) in Japan manufacture chains. The poke of platinum jewelry internationally is the word PT, Plat or Platinum, and represented by a thousand points of purity. For example, PT900 means that the purity is 900%O.
The specifications in Japanese platinum jewelry are labeling PT1000, PT950, PT900, PT850.
. Palladium:
is a member of the platinum, silver -white, symbol PD, a proportion of 12, lighter than platinum, strong ductility, slightly harder than platinum, insoluble in organic acids, insoluble in organic acids. Cold sulfuric acid or sour acid. But dissolved in nitric acid and Wang Shui. Under normal conditions, it is not easy to oxidize and loses gloss. The temperature will generate oxides on the surface of about 400 ° C, but the temperature will be restored when the temperature rises to 900 ° C. At present, it is cheaper than platinum. The jewelry industry is used alone, or it is composed of gold, silver, and silver alloy. Sometimes I participate in some crickets to increase their hardness. Common gold on the market, k k 市场, platinum, and 钯 alloy. Specifications are marked with the differences between PD1000, PD950, PD900
-platinum and platinum
1, thousands of golden golden gold jewelry with a metal amount of 99.9 %, and 999 or thousands of foot printing.
2, foot gold refers to pure gold jewelry with a gold content of 99%, with 99%or foot gold engraved.
3, 18K gold refers to jewelry containing 75 % gold ingredients, and the remaining 25 % are other precious metals, with 18K or 750 marks.
4, 18K platinum refers to gold jewelry containing 75 % golden ingredients, white gold jewelry, and the remaining 25 % of other white golds, engraved with 18K or 750 imprints.
5, PT900 refers to platinum with 90 % platinum, and the remaining 10 % are other precious metals. Platinum and cricket content reaches 950 % of platinum accessories. The mark is PT900.
6, PT950 refers to jewelry containing 95 % platinum ingredients, and the remaining 5 % are other precious metals and the mark is PT950.
The metal composition is completely different. On the chemical element table, one is Gold and the other is Platinum when buying jewelry to distinguish between true and false and quality?
. View mark
National standards stipulate that precious metal jewelry should be produced, manufacturers, materials and content marks, and unsproting products are unqualified products. If a quality problem, quality inspection agencies may be given inspection and judgment according to the mark. Consumers should purchase the brand they need and the gold jewelry of different gold content according to the mark.
. Sensory inspection method:
1. Seeing color: Foot gold is dark yellow, K gold has yellow, red, white and other colors, and the imitation gold products are mostly copper alloy with lighter color. 2. Oblique weight: The proportion of gold is 19.3g/cm3, which is much higher than the proportion of imitation gold products. For example, a foot gold ring is about 5 grams, and the same size imitation gold products are generally less than 3 grams.
3, test hardness: pure gold is softer, scratches with large head needles, bite tooth marks with teeth.
. If you need to accurately know the content of precious metal jewelry or quality disputes, you should go to the jewelry quality inspection institution and use a physical or chemical analysis method for identification.
The must check whether the stones are inlaid, whether the welding is firm, the burrs, and the trachoma when purchasing the jewelry.
The maintenance of jewelry: When wearing and stored in gold jewelry, you should avoid contact with items such as lead and mercury (mercury), otherwise the surface of the jewelry will be discolored. Dry the jewelry during drying and bathing to prevent wear or bumps, let alone pull it hard to avoid deformation or broken. After wearing jewelry for a period of time, there may be dirt, dark color, soak with washing spirit, brushing gently with soft brush, rinse with water, and wear after drying.
Brene (platinum) basic knowledge
platinum is also known as platinum. The symbol of the chemical element is PT, which is silver -white precious metal. The melting point 1768. C, it has many excellent characteristics, such as corrosion resistance, antioxidant, and beautiful colors. Because platinum has these characteristics, it can be used to make a beautiful and tough platinum jewelry. The jewelry, especially the white golden base, is inlaid with a flashed with a flashed with a fire color, and the pearl is combined to complement each other. It is currently the most popular jewelry jewelry.
The types of platinum jewelry (common in the market)
PT990 jewelry, also known as foot platinum jewelry, has a platinum content of not less than 990 %.
PT900 jewelry, its platinum content is not less than 900 %.
PT850 jewelry, its platinum content is not less than 80 %.
The mark of Platinum Jewelry:
Materials and content marks: for example: PT900, which means that the platinum content is not less than 900 %.
manufacturer of manufacturer: such as Beijing E, indicating production manufacturers.
diamond weight: such as: d0.26, indicating that the inlaid diamond weighs 0.26 carats.
The consumers should pay special attention to the imprint when purchasing jewelry, and distinguish the platinum (platinum) jewelry from the white K gold jewelry. The white 18K gold mark is 18K, and the platinum (platinum) is PT.
Basic knowledge of silver jewelry:
silver, chemical element symbols are AG, which are silver -white precious metals, low hardness, density of 10.5%/cm3, and melting point 960. C, has good conductivity, ductility, and thermal conductivity. In addition to the use of electronics, medical, and photographic industries, it is also used to manufacture currency, jewelry, utensils, etc.
Surbal jewelry classification (common market)
S990 foot silver jewelry has a silver content of not less than 990 %.
S925 silver jewelry has a silver content of not less than 925.
The mark of the silver jewelry:
M material and content marks, such as: S925, indicating that the silver content of the jewelry is not less than 925 in thousands of tentures.
manufacturer's mark, such as Beijing A, indicates that a manufacturer is produced.